I-Geosynthetic clay liners(GCLs) izinto eziqanjiwe ezizuze amandla emkhakheni wobunjiniyela bomphakathi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nokulawulwa kwemfucuza. Lawa ma-liner aqukethe ungqimba lwe-bentonite olufakwe phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili ze-geotextiles noma i-geotextile kanye ne-geomembrane. Izakhiwo ezihlukile zama-GCL ziwenza alungele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokuqukatha nezithiyo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukusetshenziswa kwemigqa yobumba ye-geosynthetic, izinzuzo zayo, nezici ezithinta intengo yama-GCL.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Geosynthetic Clay Liner
1. Ulayini Wokulahla Imfucumfucu: Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhuluAma-GCLikwizicelo zokulahlwa kwemfucuza. Zisebenza njengesithiyo sokuvimbela i-leachate (uketshezi olunobuthi olukhiqizwa lapho udoti ubola) ukuthi lungcolise inhlabathi ezungezile namanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ama-GCL avame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nama-geomembranes ukuze kwakheke isistimu yolayini eyinhlanganisela ethuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele kwendawo yokulahla imfucumfucu.
2. Ukuqukatha kukadoti:Ama-GCLnazo zisetshenziselwa ukuqukatha imfucuza eyingozi. Bayakwazi ukwandisa futhi benze umgoqo ophansi wokungena, ngaleyo ndlela bavimbele ngokuphumelelayo ukufuduka kwezinto ezingcolile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni lapho izinto eziyingozi zigcinwa khona noma zicutshungulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imvelo ivikelekile.
3. Ukugcinwa Kwamanzi: I-GCL ingasetshenziselwa ukugcina amanzi ezinsizeni ezifana namachibi, amachibi kanye namachibi okwenziwa. Ubunjalo bayo obungangenisi busiza ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi ngenxa yokugeleza kwamanzi, okuwenza abe yisixazululo esingabizi kakhulu samaphrojekthi okonga amanzi.
4.Ukuzinzisa kweSlope: Ama-GCL angasetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi wokuzinza kwemithambeka. Ngokunikeza umgoqo wokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi, basiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuguguleka nokudilika komhlaba. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemithambeka ewumqansa noma lapho ukuqina kwenhlabathi kuwukukhathazeka.
5.I-Canal kanye ne-Pond Liners: I-GCL ijwayele ukusetshenziswa njengolayini wemisele kanye namachibi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugeleza kwamanzi nokulawula ukuguguleka. Isisindo sayo esilula nokufaka kalula kuyenza ibe yinketho ephezulu yalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza.
6.Izicelo Zezimayini: Embonini yezimayini, ama-GCL asetshenziselwa ukulawulwa kwezinsalela futhi enze imigoqo yokuvimbela ukungcola okuvela emisebenzini yezimayini ukuthi kuthuthele ezindaweni ezizungezile. Ukusebenza kwabo ngempumelelo ekulawuleni ukugeleza kwamanzi kubenza babe yimpahla ebalulekile kumaphrojekthi wezimayini.
Izinzuzo ze-Geosynthetic Clay Liners
Ukuduma kwama-GCL kungabangelwa izinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwamalayini obumba avamile nezinye izindlela zokuqukatha:
1.Kuqiza kahle: I-GCL ivamise ukubiza kakhulu kunezinsimbi zobumba ezijwayelekile. Izakhiwo zayo zesisindo esincane zinciphisa izindleko zokuthumela nokufaka, okwenza kube inketho ekhangayo kumaphrojekthi amaningi.
2.Kulula ukufaka: I-GCL kulula ukuyiphatha nokuyifaka, yehlisa kakhulu izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nobude bephrojekthi. Ingakhishwa futhi ibekwe endaweni ngaphandle kwesidingo semishini esindayo.
3.Ukuvumeleka Okuphansi: I-bentonite esetshenziswa ku-GCL inokungeneka okuphansi kakhulu, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukuqukatha okusebenzayo koketshezi. Lesi sakhiwo siqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola ngeke kuthuthe kulayini.
4.Ukuqina: Ama-GCL aklanyelwe ukumelana nezimo zemvelo ezinzima, okuhlanganisa ukuchayeka kwe-UV, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, nokucindezeleka komshini. Lokhu kuqina kuqinisekisa impilo ende yesevisi, kunciphisa isidingo sokushintshwa njalo.
5.Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo: Ama-GCL adlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni indawo ezungezile nempilo yomphakathi ngokuvimbela ukufuduka kwezinto ezingcolile. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu nasezinhlelweni zokulawula imfucuza kusiza ukunciphisa ubungozi obuhambisana nezinto eziyingozi.
Izinto ezithinta amanani e-GCL
Intengo ye-geosynthetic clay liner izohluka ngokuya ngenani lezici:
1.Ikhwalithi Yezinto Ezibalulekile: Ikhwalithi ye-bentonite ne-geotextile esetshenziswa ku-GCL ingathinta kakhulu intengo. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuvamile zinokusebenza okungcono nokuqina, kodwa futhi zingabiza ngaphezulu.
2.Ubukhulu nobukhulu: Ama-GCL afika ngezinhlobonhlobo zobukhulu nosayizi, okungathinta intengo iyonke. Amaphedi amakhulu futhi aminyene angase abize kakhulu ngoba kusetshenziswa inani elikhulu lempahla.
3.Inqubo yokukhiqiza: Indlela i-GCL ekhiqizwa ngayo ingase futhi ibe nomthelela emananini. Izindlela zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe ezithuthukisa ukusebenza komugqa zingase zibangele izindleko ezikhulayo.
4.Isidingo Semakethe: Njenganoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizo, intengo ye-GCL nayo izothintwa ukufunwa kwemakethe. Ukwenyuka kwesidingo sezixazululo zokuvikela imvelo kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula imfucuza kuzonyusa amanani.
5.Izindleko zokuthutha: Njengoba i-GCL ijwayele ukulethwa endaweni yephrojekthi, izindleko zokuthutha zizothinta nenani lokugcina. Izinto ezifana nebanga, indlela yokuthutha kanye namanani kaphethiloli azothinta izindleko zokuhamba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-08-2025